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Chile, officially the Republic of Chile (Spanish:
República de Chile Spanish pronunciation: [reˈpuβlika ðe ˈʧile]), is a country in South Americaoccupying a long, narrow coastal strip between the Andes mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far south. It is one of two countries in South America (withEcuador) which do not border Brazil. The Pacific coastline of Chile is 6,435 kilometres.[4] Chilean territory includes the Pacific islands of Juan Fernández, Salas y Gómez, Desventuradas and Easter Island. Chile also claims about 1,250,000 square kilometres (480,000 sq mi) ofAntarctica, although all claims are suspended under the Antarctic Treaty.
Chile's unusual, ribbon-like shape—4,300 kilometres (2,700 mi) long and on average 175 kilometres (109 mi) wide—has given it a variedclimate, ranging from the world's driest desert—the Atacama—in the north, through a Mediterranean climate in the centre, to a rainy temperate climate in the south.[5] The northern desert contains great mineral wealth, principally copper. The relatively small central area dominates in terms of population and agricultural resources, and is the ...